In molecular biology and genetics, the genetic code is the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) into proteins.
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The genetic code is the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) into proteins. Translation is accomplished by the ribosome, which links amino acids in an order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA), using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time. The genetic code is highly similar among all organisms and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries..
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences) is translated into proteins (amino acid sequences) by living cells.
Each codon encodes for a specific amino acid or start/stop signal, and start codons are always AUG.
The genetic code is degenerate. Even so, an amino acid may be coded for by more than one codon. Why? Because most organisms contain more than 20 different amino acids. An organism would need a very large genome to accommodate hundreds of unique codons if the genetic code were not degenerate.
A set of rules by which nucleotide triplets in DNA or RNA are translated into amino acids
Each amino acid is specified by a sequence of three nucleotides, called a codon. Since there are 4 × 4 × 4 = 64 possible combinations of the four nucleotides, most amino acids are encoded by more than one codon.
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